Introduction to Electric Circuits

Part I: The Basic Electric Circuit
1. Introduction
1-1 Circuit Diagrams
1-2 The International System of Units
1-3 Calculators for Circuit Theory
1-4 Numerical Accuracy
1-5 Scientific Notation
1-6 SI Unit Prefixes
1-7 Conversion of Units
2. Current and Voltage
2-1 The Nature of Charge
2-2 Free Electrons in Metals
2-3 Electric Current
2-4 The Coulomb
2-5 The Ampere
2-6 Potential Difference
2-7 The Volt
2-8 EMF, Potential Difference, and Voltage
2-9 Conventional Current and Electron Flow
3. Conductors, Insulators, and Semiconductors
3-1 Conductors
3-2 Electrolytic Conduction
3-3 Insulators
3-4 Insulator Breakdown
3-5 Semiconductors
4. Cells, Batteries, and Other Voltage Sources
4-1 Basic Terminology
4-2 Simple Primary Cell
4-3 Carbon-Zinc and Alkaline Cells
4-4 Other Commercial Primary Cells
4-5 Secondary Cells
4-6 Capacity of Cells and Batteries
4-7 Fuel Cells
4-8 Other Voltage Sources
5. Resistance and Ohm's Law
5-1 Ohm's Law
5-2 The Nature of Resistance
5-3 Factors Governing Resistance
5-4 Resistivity
5-5 Circular Mils
5-6 American Wire Gauge
5-7 Effect of Temperature on Resistance
5-8 Temperature Coefficient of Resistance
5-9 Linear Resistors
5-10 Nonlinear Resistors
5-11 Resistor Color Code
5-12 Variable Resistors
5-13 Voltage-Current Characteristics
5-14 Applying Ohm's Law
6. Work and Power
6-1 Energy and Work
6-2 Power
6-3 Efficiency
6-4 The Kilowatt Hour
6-5 Relationships Among Basic Electric Units
6-6 Heating Effect of Current
Part II: Resistance Networks
7. Series and Parallel Circuits
7-1 Resistors in Series
7-2 Voltage Drops in Series Circuits
7-3 Double-Subscript Notation
7-4 Kirchhoff's Voltage Law
7-5 Characteristics of Series Circuits
7-6 Internal Resistance
7-7 Cells in Series
7-8 Maximum Power Transfer
7-9 Resistors in Parallel
7-10 Kirchhoff's Current Law
7-11 Conductance and Conductivity
7-12 Characteristics of Parallel Circuits
7-13 Cells in Parallel
7-14 Troubleshooting
8. Series-Parallel Circuits
8-1 Series-Parallel Resistors
8-2 Equivalent-Circuit Method
8-3 Kirchhoff's Laws Method
8-4 Voltage-Divider Principle
8-5 Voltage Dividers
8-6 Current-Divider Principle
8-7 Cells in Series-Parallel
8-8 Troubleshooting
9. Resistance Networks
9-1 Network Equations from Kirchhoff's Laws
9-2 Constant-Voltage Sources
9-3 Constant-Current Sources
9-4 Source Conversion
9-5 Kirchhoff's Voltage-Law Equations: Loop Procedure
9-6 Networks with More Than One Voltage Source
9-7 Loop Equations in Multisource Networks
9-8 Mesh Analysis
9-9 Kirchhoff's Current-Law Equations
9-10 Nodal Analysis
9-11 The Superposition Theorem
10. Equivalent-Circuit Theorems
10-1 Thévenin's Theorem
10-2 Norton's Theorem
10-3 Dependent Sources
10-4 Delta-Wye Transformation
10-5 Troubleshooting
11. Electrical Measurement
11-1 Moving-Coil Meters
11-2 The Ammeter
11-3 The Voltmeter
11-4 Voltmeter Loading Effect
11-5 Resistance Measurement
11-6 The Electrodynamometer Movement
11-7 Multimeters
Part III: Capacitance and Inductance
12. Capacitance
12-1 Electric Fields
12-2 Dielectrics
12-3 Capacitance
12-4 Capacitors
12-5 Factors Governing Capacitance
12-6 Dielectric Constant
12-7 Capacitors in Parallel
12-8 Capacitors in Series
13. Capacitance in DC Circuits
13-1 Charging a Capacitor
13-2 Rate of Change of Voltage
13-3 Time Constant
13-4 Graphical Solution for Capacitor Voltage
13-5 Discharging a Capacitor
13-6 Algebraic Solution for Capacitor Voltage
13-7 Transient Response
13-8 Energy Stored by a Capacitor
13-9 Characteristics of Capacitive DC Circuits
13-10 Troubleshooting
14. Magnetism
14-1 Magnetic Fields
14-2 Magnetic Field around a Current-Carrying Conductor
14-3 Magnetic Flux
14-4 Magnetomotive Force
14-5 Reluctance
14-6 Permeance and Permeability
14-7 Magnetic Flux Density
14-8 Magnetic Field Strength
14-9 Diamagnetic, Paramagnetic, and Ferromagnetic Materials
14-10 Permanent Magnets
14-11 Magnetization Curves
14-12 Permeability from the BH Curve
14-13 Hysteresis
14-14 Eddy Current
14-15 Magnetic Shielding
15. Magnetic Circuits
15-1 Practical Magnetic Circuits
15-2 Long Air-Core Coils
15-3 Toroidal Coils
15-4 Linear Magnetic Circuits
15-5 Nonlinear Magnetic Circuits
15-6 Leakage Flux
15-7 Series Magnetic Circuits
15-8 Air Gaps
15-9 Parallel Magnetic Circuits
16. Inductance
16-1 Electromagnetic Induction
16-2 Faraday's Law
16-3 Lenz's Law
16-4 Self-Induction
16-5 Self-Inductance
16-6 Factors Governing Inductance
16-7 Inductors in Series
16-8 Inductors in Parallel
16-9 The DC Generator
16-10 Simple DC Generators
16-11 EMF Equation
16-12 The DC Motor
16-13 Speed and Torque of a DC Motor
16-14 Types of DC Motors
16-15 Speed Characteristics of DC Motors
16-16 Torque Characteristics of DC Motors
16-17 Permanent Magnet and Brushless DC Motors
17. Inductance in DC Circuits
17-1 Current in an Ideal Inductor
17-2 Rise of Current in a Practical Inductor
17-3 Time Constant
17-4 Graphical Solution for Inductor Current
17-5 Algebraic Solution for Inductor Current
17-6 Energy Stored by an Inductor
17-7 Fall of Current in an Inductive Circuit
17-8 Algebraic Solution for Discharge Current
17-9 Transient Response
17-10 Characteristics of Inductive DC Circuits
17-11 Troubleshooting
Part IV: Alternating Current
18. Alternating Current
18-1 A Simple Generator
18-2 The Nature of the Induced Voltage
18-3 The Sine Wave
18-4 Peak Value of a Sine Wave
18-5 Instantaneous Value of a Sine Wave
18-6 The Radian
18-7 Instantaneous Current in a Resistor
18-8 Instantaneous Power in a Resistor
18-9 Periodic Waves
18-10 Average Value of a Periodic Wave
18-11 RMS Value of a Sine Wave
19. Reactance
19-1 Instantaneous Current in an Ideal Inductor
19-2 Inductive Reactance
19-3 Factors Governing Inductive Reactance
19-4 Instantaneous Current in a Capacitor
19-5 Capacitive Reactance
19-6 Factors Governing Capacitive Reactance
19-7 Resistance, Inductive Reactance, and Capacitive Reactance
20. Phasors
20-1 Addition of Sine Waves
20-2 Addition of Instantaneous Values
20-3 Representing a Sine Wave by a Phasor Diagram
20-4 Letter Symbols for Phasor Quantities
20-5 Phasor Addition by Geometrical Construction
20-6 Addition of Perpendicular Phasors
20-7 Expressing Phasors with Complex Numbers
20-8 Phasor Addition by Rectangular Coordinates
20-9 Subtraction of Phasor Quantities
20-10 Multiplication and Division of Phasor Quantities
21. Impedance
21-1 Resistance and Inductance in Series
21-2 Impedance
21-3 Practical Inductors
21-4 Resistance and Capacitance in Series
21-5 Resistance, Inductance, and Capacitance in Series
21-6 Resistance, Inductance, and Capacitance in Parallel
21-7 Conductance, Susceptance, and Admittance
21-8 Impedance and Admittance
21-9 Troubleshooting
22. Power in Alternating-Current Circuits
22-1 Power in a Resistor
22-2 Power in an Ideal Inductor
22-3 Power in a Capacitor
22-4 Power in a Circuit Containing Resistance and Reactance
22-5 The Power Triangle
22-6 Power Factor
22-7 Power Factor Correction
Part V: Impedance Networks
23. Series and Parallel Impedances
23-1 Resistance and Impedance
23-2 Impedances in Series
23-3 Impedances in Parallel
23-4 Series-Parallel Impedances
23-5 Source Conversion
24. Impedance Networks
24-1 Loop Equations
24-2 Mesh Equations
24-3 Superposition Theorem
24-4 Thévenin's Theorem
24-5 Norton's Theorem
24-6 Nodal Analysis
24-7 Delta-Wye Transformation
25. Resonance
25-1 Effect of Varying Frequency in a Series RLC Circuit
25-2 Series Resonance
25-3 Quality Factor
25-4 Resonant Rise of Voltage
25-5 Selectivity
25-6 Ideal Parallel-Resonant Circuits
25-7 Practical Parallel-Resonant Circuits
25-8 Selectivity of Parallel-Resonant Circuits
26. Passive Filters (NEW!)
26-1 Filters
26-2 Frequency Response Graphs
26-3 RC Low-Pass Filters
26-4 RL Low-Pass Filters
26-5 RC High-Pass Filters
26-6 RL High-Pass Filters
26-7 Band-Pass Filters
26-8 Band-Stop Filters
26-9 Troubleshooting
27. Transformers
27-1 Transformer Action
27-2 Transformation Ratio
27-3 Impedance Transformation
27-4 Leakage Reactance
27-5 Open-Circuit and Short-Circuit Tests
27-6 Transformer Efficiency
27-7 Effect of Loading a Transformer
27-8 Autotransformers
27-9 Troubleshooting
28. Coupled Circuits
28-1 Determining Coupling Network Parameters
28-2 Open-Circuit Impedance Parameters
28-3 Short-Circuit Admittance Parameters
28-4 Hybrid Parameters
28-5 Air-Core Transformers
28-6 Mutual Inductance
28-7 Coupled Impedance
29. Three-Phase Systems
29-1 Advantages of Polyphase Systems
29-2 Generation of Three-Phase Voltages
29-3 Double-Subscript Notation
29-4 Four-Wire Wye-Connected System
29-5 Delta-Connected Systems
29-6 Wye-Delta System
29-7 Power in a Balanced Three-Phase System
29-8 Phase Sequence
29-9 Unbalanced Three-Wire Wye Loads
29-10 The AC Generator
29-11 The Three-Phase Induction Motor
29-12 The Three-Phase Synchronous Motor
29-13 Single-Phase Motors
30. Harmonics
30-1 Nonsinusoidal Waves
30-2 Fourier Series
30-3 Addition of Harmonically Related Sine Waves
30-4 Generation of Harmonics
30-5 Harmonics in an Amplifier
30-6 Harmonics in an Iron-Core Transformer
30-7 RMS Value of a Nonsinusoidal Wave
30-8 Square Waves and Sawtooth Waves
30-9 Nonsinusoidal Waves in Linear Impedance Networks
Appendices
1. Determinants
2. Calculus Derivations
2-1 Maxium Power-Transfer Theorem
2-2 Instantaneous Voltage in a CR Circuit
2-3 Energy Stored by a Capacitor
2-4 Instantaneous Current in an LR Circuit
2-5 Energy Stored by an Inductor
2-6 RMS and Average Values of a Sine Wave
2-7 Inductive Reactance
2-8 Capacitive Reactance
2-9 General Transformer Equation
2-10 Maximum Transformer Efficiency
3. Multisim Schematic Capture and Simulation (NEW!)
Glossary
Answers to Selected Problems

For Instructors:
Instructor's Manual:
Sample course outlines and lesson plans
Hints for conducting labs
Suggestions for creating assignments and exams
Additional information on key topics
PowerPoint Slides:
Enhance classroom instruction with chapter summaries, key equations, illustrations, problems, and graphics taken from the text.
Test Generator (Also available on Instructor Resources CD):
A wealth of additional questions suitable for tests and exams:
Multiple-choice questions
True/false questions
Short-answer questions
Solutions Manual (Also available on Instructor Resources CD):
Solutions to all end-of-chapter problems, including 'Integrate the Concepts' exercises, as well as theoretical lab results and solutions to the exercises in the Lab Manual
Instructor Resources CD (ISBN 9780199004515)
Includes Test Generator, Solutions Manual, and Lab Manual Solutions
For Students:
Lab Manual (ISBN 9780195438147)
With enough labs to cover a typical semester, this indispensable resource gives students hands-on experience through experiments carefully linked to the chapter material
Free Multisim CD (NEW!):
Packaged with each copy of the text, this free CD features over 150 circuit simulations directly related to problems and examples in the book
E-Book (ISBN 9780199000029):
Available through CourseSmart.com

Herbert W. Jackson published the first edition of Introduction to Electric Circuits in 1959. Known as 'the father of the Ontario college system', Jackson taught electronics and electrical engineering technology for over forty years. In addition to authoring Introduction to Electric Circuits-a text that would become the industry standard and shape curricula for years to follow-Jackson was a member of the Ontario Ministry of Education, where he oversaw the creation of the province's community colleges.

Dale Temple teaches electronics engineering technology at the College of the North Atlantic, where he has served as coordinator of the electronics program. Prior to working on Introduction to Electric Circuits, Temple contributed as a co-author to the Canadian editions of Boylestad and Nashelsky's Electronic Devices and Theory and Tocci's Digital Systems: Principles and Appications.

Brian Kelly is formerly an instructor at the College of the North Atlantic, where, in addition to teaching, he served as coordinator for the introductory circuit analysis course. In addition to co-authoring Introduction to Electric Circuits, Kelly created the lab manual and solutions manual that accompany the text.

Special Features

• Comprehensive problem sets. With over 1600 problems, this edition gives students many opportunities to apply and test their knowledge. All problems and exercises have been carefully checked to ensure accuracy and relevance.
• Partial answer key. Answers to selected problems can be found at the back of the book, allowing students to check their work.
• Accessible. Praised by generations of instructors and students for its clear presentation of fundamental concepts and key examples, the text helps students easily grasp complex subject matter.
• Authoritative. Written by experts, this classic text has enjoyed over 50 years of proven success and offers students an eminently reliable introduction to the field.
• Demonstrative examples. Numerous worked examples throughout each chapter show students how to perform the calculations that are essential to circuit analysis.
• Meets industry standards. Covers the current use of SI metric units with careful attention to the accuracy of all calculations in accordance with the latest engineering and scientific practices.
• "Integrate the Concepts" exercises. Require students to apply the concepts covered in each chapter to solve real-life problems.
• Engaging design. A vibrant full-colour design with over 30 colour photos throughout will draw students into the material.

• Free Multisim Circuit Simulation CD. Packaged with each copy of the text, this free CD features over 150 circuit simulations directly related to problems and examples in the book.
• Multisim appendix. A new in-text appendix offers students a brief introduction to Multisim software and tips for working with the circuit simulations on the accompanying CD.
• Multisim examples, problems, and icons. In-text Multisim examples and problems are marked with an icon that directs students to relevant material on the accompanying CD.
• New chapter on filters. Covering high-pass, low-pass, band-pass, and band-stop filters, this all-new chapter (Ch. 26) offers students the information they need to understand this important topic.
• New problems and examples. Hundreds of new problems, exercises, and examples have been added to this edition, and all problems carried over from previous editions have been thoroughly checked and revised.
• Coverage of AC and DC motors and generators. Includes extensive new material on AC and DC motors and generators in response to user feedback.
• Problems graded according to difficulty. Each end-of-chapter problem has been marked with an icon indicating its level of difficulty - beginner, intermediate, advanced - so that students can build upon their understanding gradually.
• "Circuit Check" problem sets. Found throughout each chapter, these problem sets allow students to test their understanding of one section before moving on to the next one.
• Practice quizzes. Found at the end of each chapter, mini quizzes enable students to test their knowledge of chapter material. A complete answer key for each quiz is provided at the back of the book.
• "Practical Circuits" boxes. Introduce students to the practical applications of theoretical concepts.