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Higher Education

Practice Final Exam

Student Self-Grading Multiple Choice

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1.Scanning and focused reading are both forms of ________.

a. focused reading
b. selective reading
c. editorial reading
d. None of the above

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2. Focused reading deals with ________.

a. smaller blocks of text
b. larger blocks of text
c. the entire text
d. None of the above

Answer


3. After all evidence has been weighed, the best inference is ________.

a. the least probable
b. the truth
c. the most probable
d. the least likely

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4. The use of ASAP and STAT in everyday speech are examples of ________.

a. jargon
b. metaphor
c. gist
d. plagiarism
e. None of the above

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5. One can identify an author's attitude toward a subject in his or her ________.

a. jargon
b. gist
c. tone
d. etymology

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6. Reader-based prose focuses on the ________.

a. reader
b. writer
c. prose
d. none of the above

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7. A(n) ________ audience has more knowledge than a general audience, but does not make specific assumptions about the topic.

a. positive
b. implicit
c. explicit
d. academic

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8. A(n) ________ audience is more likely to agree with the writer.

a. negative
b. positive
c. explicit
d. neutral

Answer


9. Stages in the writing process include ________.

a. research
b. pre-writing
c. revising
d. All of the above

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10. ________ denotes the process of underlining useful words, phrases or sentences.

a. Looping
b. Scoring
c. Research
d. Composing
e. Scanning

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11. Rhetorical modes of discourse include ________.

a. exposition
b. editing
c. proofreading
d. All of the above

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12. Description provides ________.

a. research
b. concrete information
c. opinion
d. None of the above

 

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13. Analysis of a text a writer has never seen before requires application of ________.

a. active reading skills
b. passive reading skills
c. personal experience
d. opinion
e. None of the above

 

Answer


14. Although a writer will not be able to remember everything that was taught during in-class writing, focusing on ________ will help.

a. a computer
b. a dictionary
c. terminology
d. extra time

 

Answer


15. ________ can turn the general into the concrete and clear.

a. Examples
b. Illustrations
c. Both a and b
d. None of the above

 

Answer


16. Paragraphs function to

aa. Introduce an important point
b. Develop the point
c. Convey the point to the reader
d. All of the above

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17. Topic sentences introduce

 

a. The main idea of a paragraph
b. The overall essay
c. The premise of the overall argument
d. None of the above

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18. A paragraph wrap

a. Repeats the topic sentence
b. Reinforces the importance of the topic sentence
c. Is the thesis
d. None of the above

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19. Paragraph wraps are especially useful in

a. Long paragraphs
b. Short paragraphs
c. Thesis statements
d. None of the above

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20. A paragraphs should focus on

a. One central idea
b. Three ideas
c. Two external ideas
d. None of the above

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21. Almost everything a writer will read will begin with

a. An abstract
b. An introduction
c. A title
d. None of the above

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22. The following is the most common approach to creating interest in an introduction:

a. Interesting approach
b. Logical approach
c. Contrasting approach
d. None of the above

Answer


23. An introduction which progresses from a general statement to a more specific statement to the most specific statement is called the

a. Logical pyramid
b. Inverted pyramid
c. Pyramid
d. None of the above

Answer


24. Effective thesis statements should be

a. Interesting
b. Specific
c. Manageable
d. All of the above

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25. Climax order begins with the

a. Weakest point
b. Strongest point
c. Mid-way point
d. None of the above /p>

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26. Analysis means ________.

a. "loosen"
b. "dissolve"
c. "separate"
d. "break up"
e. All of the above

Answer


27. ________ does not truly involve analysis.

a. Narration
b. Description
c. Examples
d. All of the above

Answer


28. ________ traces a topic's development over time.

a. Definition
b. Description
c. Chronology
d. Narration
e. All of the above

Answer


29. ________ can be used to add concrete detail.

a. Chronology
b. Process
c. Description
d. None of the above

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30. Analogy is ________.

a. a comparison
b. an allusion
c. an illusion
d. an image

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31. An empirical claim is ________.

a. conjecture
b. factual
c. opinion
d. None of the above

Answer


32. A claim of value appeals to ________.

a. ethics
b. morals
c. values
d. All of the above

Answer


33. A writer supports claims of value through ________.

a. reasoning
b. opinion
c. ethics
d. morals
e. None of the above

Answer


34. Claims may be tentative ________.

a. tentative
b. conclusive
c. Both a and b
d. None of the above

Answer


35. Claims require ________.

a. support
b. evidence
c. Both a and b
d. None of the above

Answer


36. Expository essays may ________.

a. show steps in a process
b. show cause and effect
c. use comparison and contrast
d. All of the above
e. A and b only

Answer


37. An essay which explains steps in a process is called a(n) ________.

a. step-by-step essay
b. process analysis
c. contiguous analysis
d. None of the above

Answer


38. The ________ often provides a beginning for an argument.

a. conclusion
b. connotation
c. definition
d. None of the above

Answer


39. To organize a comparison and contrast essay, the writer may use the ________.

a. block method
b. point-by-point method
c. Both a and b
d. None of the above

Answer


40. A writer may become an expert by ________.

a. researching
b. gaining personal experience
c. Both a and b
d. None of the above

Answer


41. A(n) ________ is a general way of rephrasing someone's ideas.

a. annotation
b. abstract
c. summary
d. None of the above

Answer


42. An abstract is generally found at the ________ an essay.

a. beginning
b. middle
c. end
d. None of the above

Answer


43. A(n) ________ the following is an expanded bibliography.

a. annotated bibliography
b. extended reference
c. summary
d. None of the above

Answer


44. An extended summary should ________.

a. be factually accurate
b. retain the essence of the original
c. use concise prose
d. All of the above

Answer


45. ________ can be used to attribute a statement to one or more people.

a. Attribute nouns
b. Signal phrases
c. Direction clauses
d. None of the above

Answer


46. Once a writer has gathered research, he or she needs to ________.

a. synthesize it
b. plagiarize it
c. Both a and b
d. None of the above

Answer


47. Primary sources are ________.

a. original compositions
b. criticisms of sources
c. reviews of sources
d. None of the above

Answer


48. Periodicals can be published ________.

a. monthly
b. yearly
c. daily
d. All of the above

Answer


49. Peer-reviewed journals are ________.

a. less-credible than non-peer-reviewed journals
b. more credible than non-peer-reviewed journals
c. informal publications
d. None of the above

Answer


50. A ________ is used to customize database searches.

a. Google search
b. manual search
c. author search
d. Boolean search

Answer


51. Plagiarism may result in ________.

a. a failing grade for the paper
b. a failing grade for the course
c. expulsion from the institution
d. All of the above

Answer


52. A writer must always cite ________.

a. his or her own idea
b. general knowledge
c. everything
d. None of the above

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53. Proper use of secondary sources allows a writer to ________.

a. support his or her argument
b. demonstrate knowledge
c. reveal skills as a writer
d. All of the above
e. None of the above

Answer


54. When a writer wants to paraphrase a small amount of relevant material, he or she should ________.

a. use a direct quotation
b. paraphrase
c. use an abstract
d. None of the above

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55. To indicate that a part of a direct quotation has been omitted, the writer can use ________.

a. a dash
b. parentheses
c. ellipses
d. None of the above

Answer


56. Citations serve to give credit to others in order to ________.

a. establish the writer's credibility
b. allow the reader to trace sources
c. allow the writer to find a reference again
d. All the above
e. A and b only

Answer


57. Writers in the Humanities generally use the ________ style.

a. MLA
b. APA
c. Chicago
d. None of the above

Answer


58. Writers in the Social Sciences generally use the ________ style.

a. MLA
b. APA
c. Chicago
d. None of the above

Answer


59. A ________ should be used for a direct quotation which is over 40 words in length.

a. summary
b. paraphrase
c. block quotation
d. None of the above

Answer


60. To cite sources, MLA uses ________.

a. endnotes
b. footnotes
c. parenthetical citations
d. None of the above

Answer


61. Emotional appeals can be useful, depending on the ________.

a. topic
b. audience
c. placement
d. All the abovee
e. None of the above

Answer


62. Opinion is the same as ________.

a. argument
b. logic
c. reason
d. None of the above

Answer


63. ________ detract from a writer's credibility.

a. Logical fallacies
b. Direct quotations
c. Paraphrases
d. All of the above

Answer


64. Slanted language can show a lack of ________.

a. subjectivity
b. objectivity
c. connotation
d. None of the above

Answer


65. Deductive reasoning applies a major premise and ________.

a. a minor premise
b. two medial premises
c. three minor premises
d. None of the above

Answer


66. ________ are parts of speech.

a. Adjectives
b. Pronouns
c. Verbs
d. Conjunctions
e. All of the above

Answer


67. In most sentences, the subject noun is related to the ________.

a. understanding
b. term
c. action
d. None of the above

Answer


68. ________ express action, a condition, or a state of being.

a. Pronouns
b. Adjectives
c. Main verbs
d. None of the above

Answer


69. Coordinating conjunctions join ________.

a. equal units
b. unequal units
c. fragments
d. None of the above

Answer


70. An incomplete sentence is also known as a ________.

a. comma splice
b. fragment
c. clause
d. All of the above

Answer


71. Semicolons can be used to ________.

a. join independent clauses
b. join compound adjectives
c. omit the hyphen in compound adjectives
d. None of the above

Answer


72. Colons can ________.

a. supplement a comma
b. introduce a list
c. take the place of a semicolon
d. All of the above

Answer


73. Dashes and parentheses ________.

a. the same functions
b. different functions
c. should not be used in an academic paper
d. None of the above

Answer


74. An apostrophe is ________.

a. not a mark of punctuation
b. a mark of punctuation
c. not a mark that indicates the possessive
d. None of the above

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75. A writer should follow a sentence fragment with a ________.

a. semicolon
b. period
c. another fragment
d. None of the above

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76. Usually, the subject of a sentence is the pronoun or that which performs the action of the ________.

a. adverb
b. verb
c. phrase
d. None of the above

Answer


77. Collective nouns refer to ________.

a. groups
b. animals or plants only
c. ideas only
d. None of the above

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78. ________ refer to nonspecific objects or individuals.

a. Indefinite pronouns
b. Collective nouns
c. Compound subjects
d. None of the above<

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79. If a pronoun lacks an apparent noun antecedent, the result is ________.

a. a(n) unclear reference
b. a(n) antecedent agreement
c. no reference
d. None of the above

Answer


80.________ refer to persons.

a. Pronouns
b. Adjectives
c. Verbs
d. Dashes

Answer


81. Clear writing should avoid ________.

a. conciseness
b. circumlocutions
c. allusion
d. None of the above

Answer


82. Conciseness cuts through any ________.

a. inessential
b. essential
c. historical reference
d. allusion

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83. The Noah's Ark Syndrome describes ________.

a. conciseness
b. wordiness
c. allusion
d. All of the above

Answer


84. Passive constructions use a subject which________.

a. does the action
b. does not do the action
c. a lazy object
d. None of the above

Answer


85. ________ is often used to falsely reassure through indirect naming.

a. Conciseness
b. Active voice
c. Passive voice
d. Euphemism

Answer


Student Short Answer Questions

1. Recently, product and ___________ approaches to essay writing have received much attention.

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2. Usually an essay or report, the ___________ model has become one of the most common forms of essay.

Answer


3. When scanning a table of contents or references list, the reader should look for ___________.

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4. A writer may present evidence and leave the reader to ___________ meaning.

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5. The process of engagement with a text, which may change as the reader learns, is called ___________ thinking.

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6. Audience orientation in includes positive, ___________ and negative attitudes toward the subject matter.

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7. The process of thinking about and developing a topic is called ___________.

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8. The revision stage is the ___________ draft of the essay writing process.

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9. The first draft of the writing process is called ___________.

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10. When revising a draft, the writer should conduct an ___________ of audience and purpose.

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11. ____________ modes of discourse allow essays to be classified according to traditional modes of communication.

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12. Exposition and argument should use ____________ language.

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13. In-class essays and exams require ____________, a concept which involves remembering information and terminology.

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14. Critical responses require analysis of writer's purpose, ____________ and strategies.

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15. When writing a critical response, tone and language should be ____________, unless the writer is instructed otherwise.

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16. It is often very difficult to identify a paragraph that lacks _____________.

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17. To help a reader follow the main ideas in a paragraph, the writer may use _____________to reinforce a core idea.

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18. Otherwise, since, then and thus are transitions of are _____________of cause and effect.

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19. To achieve coherence, a writer may use _____________ and / or balanced structures.

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20. Finally, in conclusion, that is and therefore are transitions of ________. 21. A strong introduction should create reader ____________.

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21. A strong introduction should create reader ____________.

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22. The ____________ statement introduces the main point(s).

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23. The introduction allows the opportunity for a writer to establish ____________ in the eyes of the reader.

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24. It is important not to ____________ the main points in the introduction, but lack of detail is also detrimental to the essay.

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25. ____________thesis statements have only two necessary parts.

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26. To create illustrate a point or add drama to an argument, a writer may use _____________.

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27. When using classification, the writer begins with a _____________number of items.

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28. Similar to the cause-effect method, the _____________-consequent method uses time-order relationships.

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29. One of the best ways to clarify an abstract idea is to use example/_____________.

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30. When a writer systematically draws similarities and differences between things, he or she is using the compare and _____________method.

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31. An expository essay seeks to ¬¬¬convince the reader by using observation, ____________, and clear reasoning.

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32. A writer can use ____________ to help organize their thoughts in a coherent way.

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33. A writer should be careful not to allow the practical functions of a process analysis essay to override other considerations, for instance through the use of imperative ____________.

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34. When a term has multiple definitions within a discipline, the write may need to establish ____________.

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35. An essay that explains steps in a process is called a(n) ____________ analysis essay.

Answer

 

36. An expository essay seeks to ¬¬¬convince the reader by using observation, ____________, and clear reasoning.

Answer

 

37. A writer can use ____________ to help organize their thoughts in a coherent way.

Answer

 

38. A writer should be careful not to allow the practical functions of a process analysis essay to override other considerations, for instance through the use of imperative ____________.

Answer

 

39. When a term has multiple definitions within a discipline, the write may need to establish ____________.

Answer

 

40. An essay that explains steps in a process is called a(n) ____________ analysis essay.

Answer

 

41. Abstracts are overviews of ____________.

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42. A paraphrase is usually the same length as the ____________.

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43. Because of the often large size of annotated bibliographies, each entry must be ____________.

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44. A writer must distinguish between fact and ____________ when the purpose of an essay is to persuade the reader.

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45. The title of an extended summary should include the title of the ____________.

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46. Expository essays usually use claims of ____________.

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47. Vital to a research essay is presentation of ____________.

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48. An important part of a research essay involves ____________ others' ideas.

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49. After finding sources, a writer should ____________ the information.

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50. In the final stage of a research essay, the writer should ____________ his or her sources.

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51. To indicate a change to a direct quotation, a writer should use____________.

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52. ____________ quotations should be used when both source and wording are important.

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53. ____________ format is a mixture of paraphrase and direct quotation.

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54. To alert a reader to where a reference begins, a writer may use a ____________ phrase.

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55. A strong writer uses direct quotations ____________.

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56. APA and MLA styles both use ____________ references.

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57. APA uses a ____________ page at the end of the essay.

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58. MLA uses a ____________ page at the end of the essay.

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59. MLA uses the author's ____________ name in citations.

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60. A Works Cited page orders sources ____________.

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61. To show that a writer shares basic values with the reader, he or she can work to establish ___________ ground.

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62. It is extremely important to order an argumentative essay ___________.

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63. It is important to present the ___________ viewpoint in an argumentative essay.

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64. ___________ main types of reason are used in arguments.

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65. Policy-based claims attempt to make people take ___________.

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66. A complete subject consists of the subject with its ___________ modifiers.

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67. An imperative sentence is a ___________.

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68. When a phrase acts as a part of speech, it does so as a ___________.

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69. Subordinating clauses connect ___________ units.

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70. A compound sentence consists of two or more independent clauses joined by a coordinating ___________.

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71. A __________ comma appears before the last item in a list of three or more items.

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72. A group of words consisting of two things is called a __________ sentence.

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73. Information enclosed in parentheses is __________ important than what is not in parentheses.

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74. The colon may be said to __________ the reader on.

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75. Dashes convey a __________ in thought.

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76. ____________ pronouns always ask questions.

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77. Pronouns must agree in gender, number, and ____________ with its antecedent.

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78. The technical term for word order is ____________.

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79. Dangling modifiers modify the closest ____________.

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80. Compounds require the principle of ____________ structure.

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81. When a verb cannot logically connect to its subject, the result is faulty ___________.

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82. To create rhetorical effect, a writer may ___________ sentence length.

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83. ___________ are overused and unoriginal phrases.

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84. Beginning with to, a(n) ___________ phrase can act adverbially or adjectivally.

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85. Essay presentation depends significantly on audience and ___________.

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