Instructions: The midterm covers chapters 1–6. There are 5 questions from each chapter (a mixture of multiple-choice, true-or-false, and fill-in-the-blank questions). For each question, click on the radio button beside your answer. When you have completed the entire quiz, click the Submit my answers button at the bottom of the page to receive your results.

Chapter 7:

Question 1:

The __________ theory posits that there are two ways of representing events: verbal and non-verbal.

Question 2:

What is Paivio’s term for being able to mentally construct something that represents, for example, an “umbrella”?
a) Imagery
b) Logogens
c) Low concreteness imagination
d) Mental representations

Question 3:

What is the term for determining whether “kurn” is a word?
a) A real-word ecological test
b) A test of logogens
c) The left-hemisphere skill
d) A lexical decision task

Question 4:

True/false: The method of loci is a mnemonic that connects information to be remembered in the form of an image with a mental location.
a) True
b) False

Question 5:

Andy has synesthesia. When he hears the word “table” he experiences the colour red. In this case “table” is the __________ and the colour red is the __________.
a) concurrent; inducer
b) inducer; concurrent
c) trigger; percept
d) chromosthetic item; icon

Chapter 8:

Question 6:

To form part of a concept you already know, what must a novel item have to be considered an instance of that concept?
a) Conceptual isometry
b) Conjunctive characteristics
c) Criterial attributes
d) Identical features

Question 7:

True/false: Implicit learning refers to learning that takes place intentionally but doesn’t affect behavior.
a) True
b) False

Question 8:

The popular games of hide and seek, chess, and monopoly would best represent an example of what?
a) Misaligned hierarchies
b) Family resemblance
c) Correlated attributes
d) A highly prototypical category

Question 9:

The three levels of inclusiveness as put forward by Rosch are __________, __________, and __________.

Question 10:

True/false: It is possible that someone could have brain damage and suffer only an inability to describe pictures of living animals.
a) True
b) False

Chapter 9:

Question 11:

An open-ended communication that consists of all possible sentences is called __________, while __________ refers to the sentences that are actually spoken.
a) language; speech
b) grammar; syntax
c) lexicon; speech
d) language; lexicon

Question 12:

True/false: It has been argued that the linguistic environment to which a child is exposed is sufficient for the child to acquire his or her language.
a) True
b) False

Question 13:

According to some theorists on language acquisition, children are born with __________ that contains general principles that can apply to any natural language.
a) a competence
b) phase structural rules
c) speech
d) a language acquisition device

Question 14:

David has great difficulty reading entire words, but he has no problem reading words letter-by-letter. What does he likely have?
a) Broca’s aphasia
b) Surface dyslexia
c) Phonological dyslexia
d) Lexicon dyslexia

Question 15:

The __________ hypothesis posits that one’s language can influence how one experiences the world.

Chapter 10:

Question 16:

When Lisa was analyzing a seemingly unsolvable problem, the answer suddenly came to her mind. The solution was simple and required only that the information be restructured in a different format. What would this be an example of?
a) A Gestalt switch
b) Functional fixedness
c) Productive thinking
d) Chunk decomposition

Question 17:

Sofia wanted to get her favourite toy from the top shelf but wasn’t able to reach. She removed all of her clothes from the closet and built a pile big enough to climb and be able to reach her toy. What would this be an example of?
a) The Einstellung effect
b) Overcoming functional fixedness
c) Structurally blind thinking
d) Negative transfer

Question 18:

Which of the following is NOT one of the methods mentioned in Chapter 10 for studying problem-solving in science?
a) Laboratory studies
b) Historical accounts
c) Computational models
d) All of these were mentioned.

Question 19:

True/false: Systematic and non-systematic algorithms are guaranteed to lead to a solution.
a) True
b) False

Question 20:

A __________ is a problem-solving procedure (typically a rule of thumb or shortcut) that can often be useful but does not guarantee a solution.

Chapter 11:

Question 21:

What is the term for the belief that logical reasoning is an essential part of human nature?
a) Universal affirmative
b) The peak-end rule
c) Logicism
d) Aristotle’s tenet

Question 22:

True/false: If a premise is false, then a syllogism cannot possibly be valid.
a) True
b) False

Question 23:

What conclusion(s) have been suggested from the research on reasoning using mental models?
a) You can get more out of a mental model than you put into it.
b) People tend to construct the simplest model possible.
c) Using mental models is the best approach to reasoning.
d) Both A and B

Question 24:

You are tasked with discovering the rule that underlies the following three numbers: 20, 10, 5. When testing the rule, which of the following sets of numbers would be most informative?
a) 40, 20, 10
b) 4, 2, 1
c) 100, 50, 25
d) 1, 2, 3

Question 25:

When you were a teenager, it seemed to be the case that your parents let you borrow the car when they were in a good mood. Their mood had nothing to do with it. You had what is called an __________.

Chapter 12:

Question 26:

Catherine never went to school but seems to be very intelligent in a number of areas and performs very well on the Ravens Progressive Matrices test. What does Catherine probably have?
a) High levels of crystallized intelligence
b) A high g
c) A high dedicated intelligence
d) Both A and C

Question 27:

True/false: Working memory and g are closely related.
a) True
b) False

Question 28:

Dedicated intelligence is to __________ intelligence as improvisational intelligence is to __________ intelligence.
a) crystallized; fluid
b) fluid; crystallized
c) creative; analytical
d) fluid; practical

Question 29:

According to Gardner, different forms of representation, such as drawing, music, and mathematics, are __________.
a) fluid intelligence
b) crystallized intelligence
c) practical intelligence
d) symbol systems

Question 30:

A widely used test of originality is called the __________.

Chapter 13:

Question 31:

A recent commercial you saw had placed numerous messages in the commercial, but viewers were unaware of the presence of these messages. Nevertheless, those messages appeared to have some sort of effect on your behaviour. Albeit debated, what idea does this situation highlight?
a) Subliminal perception
b) Above-limen perception
c) Extrasensory influence
d) Backward masking

Question 32:

What are participants of an experiment that is using the process dissociation procedure asked to do?
a) Report their subjective threshold
b) Report their objective threshold
c) Exclude as a response information that is consciously perceived
d) Exclude as a response information that is unconsciously perceived

Question 33:

True/False: The term “implicit perception” was proposed as a result of controversies with perception without awareness.
a) True
b) False

Question 34:

The EOG of someone in a lucid dream state is similar to their EOG when they are awake. However, we can tell that they are in REM sleep when they are in a lucid dream state. Why is that?
a) A great deal of muscle activity is recorded by the EMG.
b) Limited muscle activity is recorded by the EMG.
c) A great deal of brain activity is revealed by the electroencephalogram.
d) Very little brain activity is revealed by the electroencephalogram.

Question 35:

The transformation of information into mental representations is called __________.

Higher Education

Cognition, Sixth Edition: Midterm Covering Chapter 7–13