Instructions: For each question, click on the radio button beside your answer. When you have completed the entire quiz, click the Submit my answers button at the bottom of the page to receive your results.

Question 1:

The nomothetic (cause and effect) explanation of social activity ________.
a) is typically used in a qualitative research methodology
b) is not concerned with the relationship of cause and effect
c) incorporates the possibility of alternative explanations
d) requires correlation

Question 2:

Qualitative research ________.
a) is aimed at extrapolation of data to a broad population
b) relies only on case studies for collecting data
c) focuses on collection of in-depth data related to particular social activity
d) is the best form of social research

Question 3:

Idiographic explanation ________.
a) is qualitative in nature
b) applies to broad populations outside of the research group
c) is concerned with proving correlations between data
d) requires a social group of five or more people to be valid

Question 4:

Reliability is ________.
a) a key criterion for evaluating research projects
b) a measure of causality
c) achieving the same results if the research is repeated with the same measurement
d) the reason one would choose to use the classic experimental design

Question 5:

________ is NOT a type of validity.
a) Internal validity
b) Construct validity
c) External validity
d) Correlative validity

Question 6:

If a conclusion meets the criterion of internal validity, ________.
a) its results are generalizable to the wider population
b) the researchers has established with reasonable certainty that there is a causal relationship between the variables
c) the researcher has shown that a particular indicator measures what it is supposed to measure
d) the researcher was able to replicate the study in its entirety

Question 7:

With regard to quantitative and qualitative research, ________.
a) they use different research methods
b) they are mutually exclusive categories of research design
c) they both require a control group
d) they have different criteria for evaluation

Question 8:

Compared to other forms of research designs, experimental designs ________.
a) have problems of internal validity
b) study three groups of subjects
c) manipulate independent variables
d) have problems of reliability

Question 9:

________ is NOT a criterion of trustworthiness, as defined by Lincoln and Guba (1985).
a) Transferability
b) Dependability
c) Credibility
d) Testability

Question 10:

Cross-sectional designs ________.
a) provide patterns of association
b) gather data at three points of time
c) prove the relationship of causality
d) involve the manipulation of variables at one specific time

Question 11:

The main problem with cross-sectional design is that ________.
a) it cannot be replicated
b) it may be difficult to establish causal relationship from the data
c) it generally cannot be generalized to a wider population
d) it is generally not reliable

Question 12:

Longitudinal design ________.
a) overcomes the “direction of causation” problem found in cross-sectional design
b) is considered one of the easiest forms of research design
c) requires data to be collected at least three times
d) never suffers from research subject attrition

Question 13:

The main difference between longitudinal and cross-sectional design is ________.
a) longitudinal research is based on quantitative, while cross-sectional on qualitative methods
b) cross-sectional research is done at one point of time, while longitudinal research is completed at two or more points in time
c) cross-sectional research studies communities, while longitudinal research studies cases
d) the goal of cross-sectional design is explanation, while the goal of longitudinal result is description

Question 14:

Case studies ________.
a) can be used to support a hypothesis
b) can be used to critique the conclusion drawn from research gathered through a classic experimental design
c) may provide comparative data from an extreme set of circumstances to better understand common cases
d) all of the above

Question 15:

The main strength of comparative cross-cultural research is that ________.
a) it helps establish causal relationships between the variables
b) it illustrates how social scientific studies can be culturally specific
c) it provides a full explanation of two or more cases
d) it always provides adequate comparisons

Question 16:

Nomothetic explanations seek to provide law-like descriptions of social life.
a) True
b) False

Question 17:

Testing for correlation of variables is the only valid qualitative reason for conducting social research.
a) True
b) False

Question 18:

Internal validity is a confirmation that the dependent variable and the independent variable are correlated.
a) True
b) False

Question 19:

The standard of trustworthiness used in qualitative methods mirrors the quality of research criteria for quantitative methods.
a) True
b) False

Question 20:

Experimental design tends to be very high in internal validity.
a) True
b) False

Question 21:

Experimental design is commonly used in qualitative research.
a) True
b) False

Question 22:

The classic experimental design requires a pre-test and post-test.
a) True
b) False

Question 23:

External validity may be negatively impacted if the selection of research subjects or the setting of the experiment differs from that of the larger population.
a) True
b) False

Question 24:

Quasi-experimental design is when researchers set up an experiment but it is lacking a key component for the pre-test.
a) True
b) False

Question 25:

The main significance of experimental design is in the logic of comparison it demonstrates.
a) True
b) False

Question 26:

Random sampling is a key component of validating cross-sectional research methodology.
a) True
b) False

Question 27:

Cross-sectional designs can be used only with quantitative research.
a) True
b) False

Question 28:

Research into the population of a country could be a case study.
a) True
b) False

Question 29:

A case study research project may include data collection from multiple cases.
a) True
b) False

Question 30:

Each type of research design has its qualitative and quantitative manifestation.
a) True
b) False

Higher Education

Social Research Methods, Fourth Canadian Edition: Chapter 02